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20181128

compendium of observations, references, and data representing known LIGO-Virgo false trigger rate, known/unrecognized systematic error, and terrestrial coupling sources

INTRODUCTION

1. From Magnetism and advanced LIGO (Daniel and Schofield, October 6, 2014) https://dcc.ligo.org/public/0116/P1400210/002/SURF%20Final%20Paper.pdf:

"LIGO plans to monitor magnetic fields because they can affect the interferometer’s signals. A magnetic field from a Schumann Resonance can affect both LIGO interferometers in a similar way as a gravitational wave. "
2. From Characterization of transient noise in Advanced LIGO relevant to gravitational wave signal GW150914
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0264-9381/33/13/134001:
“Potential electromagnetic noise sources include lightning, solar events and solar-wind driven noise, as well as RF communication. If electromagnetic noise were strong enough to affect h(t), it would be witnessed with high SNR by radio receivers and magnetometers.”  
3. High SNR structured-coherent magnetic coupling in North American ground magnetometer data surrounding GW150914:
https://fulguritics.blogspot.com/2018/06/httpswww.html

4. Internal LIGO report on non-operative magnetometers during GW150914 and LVT/GW151012 arrival times:

https://alog.ligo-la.caltech.edu/aLOG/iframeSrc.php?authExpired=&content=1&step=&callRep=22818&startPage=&preview=&printCall=&callUser=&addCommentTo=&callHelp=&callFileType=#
“12:46, Tuesday 17 November 2015
[… . …]
Magnetometers at End Station VEAs Fixed
I went this morning to investigate the end station VEA magnetometers.
Turns out we left the EY magnetometer off since Sep 12. I turned it on, spectrum looks reasonable now.
At EX I swapped the PSU box from the new model to the old model and two types of noise went away: a comb of lines at 1 and 1.5 Hz and a high frequency slope that I don’t understand. We’ll have to look into this and complain to Bartington about it. I’ve seen this “feature” in other PSUs and I’ve relegated those to EBAY magnetometers, where we don’t have the x100 filter boxes. Spectrum attached. Not sure what the 1-2kHz noise is, maybe the old box is losing it too… Will investigate”
I.
It is not common knowledge that few empirical controls are applied to LIGO signal discrimination, as many kinds of signals can engage search pipelines, be fitted by NR and ML templates, and as such simulate gravitational wave findings. 
North American ground magnetometer station data for September 14, 2015 UTC around GW150914

LIGO single-detector trigger rate for transient events of all sources at SNR>8 is ~100 seconds (0.01 Hz).

https://cdn.iopscience.com/images/0264-9381/33/13/134001/Full/cqgaa2683f5_lr.jpg

legend for plots above:
“The rate of single interferometer background triggers in the CBC search for H1 (above) and L1 (below), where color indicates a threshold on the detection statistic, X^2-weighted SNR. Each point represents the average rate over a 2048 s interval. The times of GW150914 and LVT151012 are indicated with vertical dashed and dotted–dashed lines respectively.”

For O3, LIGO relaxed discovery criteria to include events that have a false alarm rate of >1 event/30 days. Magnetospheric sawtooth events [MSEs] occur on average once every 33 days (11 MSEs/yr; LIGO O1-O2 N=11 events for almost exactly 1 yr. quality data).


SNR<8 threshold is accepted for network candidates that have single detector triggers increased H1-L1 max. lag to 15 ms (~0.67 c), which is the default central tendency remnant spin rate found to be degenerate with other parameters, such as polarization, and is itself a measure of signal velocity that, if relaxed as such, implies that LIGO triggers commonly are accompanied by the effect of system feedback from GPS lock/clock reference errors, time code signal mismatch, indistinguishable signal/phase coherence in noise and lags between station datastream time codes, and further data quality issues.

GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs

To introduce LIGO-Virgo sampling and noise discrimination, the most conservative rate of false triggers that have permitted properties fit by NR and ML templates at SNR higher than signals now believed by some to be true, analytical gravitational wave signals is >3 per every high-quality data hour, with 5.75 non-rejected O3 signals/mo. for O3. Some have called this relationship into question, as multiple station SNR/template fit/arrival lag correspondence have been relaxed to include N=4 additional O2 signals, dredged from noise and highly model-dependent. A recent trend in LIGO signal analysis is to break from Numerical Relativity and use Maximum Likelihood methods, which are optimal but not empirical. They involve Bayesian probability estimation:


"[...]that sense of the near miraculous may return with the new devices." 
-Harry Collins, lead ideologist for LIGO https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/PT.5.3023/full/
cf: Peirce on Miracles: The Failure of Bayesian Analysis
Harry Collins and the Empirical Programme of Relativism
 "Collins rejects... that explanation should be causal, and eschews explanation of the genesis of theories: only their reception can be accounted for. [... .] ...the matter is decided by social forces."
https://etherwave.wordpress.com/2011/07/19/harry-collins-methodological-relativism-and-sociological-explanation-pt-1/

False alarm rate (FAR) and luminosity distances (DL) are correlated for several events.
 All O3 triggers warrant a second look due to sheer inconsistency in event update information, but especially unspecified conditions by which events are retracted; mixed probabilities can affect the choice for assignment of a candidate trigger to an astrophysical origin (any terrestrial prob higher than 4% should be explained at the very least). The possibility that terrestrial signals can trigger the device with proper time lags (GW150914 and GW151012, which arrived while magnetometers were not operating/inoperable, would have been rejected by these standards, their acceptance leading to reduced control of bias and an increased false discovery rate) implies that likely events are selected without attention to systematic/theoretical bias or inadequacy of knowledge/system data. Ambiguous results may be exploited given the poor statistical framework LIGO-Virgo have chosen.

https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1259250554187833344
#LIGO-Virgo #O3isHere putative #GravitationalWaves population over-correlated; squared, golden, cubic modes intrinsic w/magnetosphere-ground coupling; resonant gaps preserved between O3 retractions and non-retractions (e.g. retractions[60, 129]≈non-retractions[62, 130]≈0.43|𝐾


Virgo events, in this case with retractions and non-retractions combined as a population. Strong integer-irrational scaling precludes LIGO claims of uncorrelated events.
Image

𝑁=56 non-retracted, 𝑁=24 retracted 1/(56/24)≈0.43

Fourier modes: non-retracted[(130-62)/𝐾]≈retracted[(129-60)/𝐾]≈0.43, 𝐾=160
for 𝑁=56 non-retractions and 𝑁=24 retractions.
Precision non-empirical Schumann peaks: v|c:≈0.43, r=1/(2φ^(1/3))=0.42589... f0=(rc/(2πRE)) fn=(rc/(2πRE))√(n(n+1)), for n2,n4,...
Image
A. Cai-Clauer 2013 solar cycle 23 sawtooth event list (annual) max N=19, mid[mean, max]=15, mean N=11
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2013JA018819 B. O1-O2 events: Nitz et al 2018 N=11, Nitz et al 2020 N=15
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab733f/meta C. O3: N=56 confident, N=24 retracted LIGO-Virgo triggers 19*3:≃O3 confident events 24/15=1.6φ
(24/19)^2≈1.6φ
O1+O2 duty cycle, two simultaneous stations, total observations days: 155.8 days
155.8/365.25=0.4265575≃(1/(2φ^(1/3))=0.4258998)
Image

Image

annual day of yr correlations for two consecutive LIGO runs (intervals of two years) are direct and consecutive, considering that July-August O2 events were generally upgraded from low SNR, non-fits to NR templates, unlikely masses, and unacceptable/poorly explicated noise/glitch content and/or coincidence:

O2: GW170729 GW170809 GW170814 GW170817, GW170818, GW170823 
O3: S190727h S190728q S190808ae S190814bv S190816i S190822c

Retracted BNS trig. S190822c >99% BNS;

Retracted NS-BH S190816i nearly identical luminosity dist. as putative NS-BH S190814bv. Notice confidence in a mass-gap assessment was 100% for S190814bv, then 100% NS-BH. https://gracedb.ligo.org/superevents/public/O3/

S190910h BNS FAR 1.1312/T=1 yr, DL 241±89 same DL as S190901ap

S190901ap BNS FAR 1/T=4.5093 yr, DL 241±79 same DL as S190910h

21-min interval: S190828j (10th LIGO-Virgo trigger/day), S190828l (12th LIGO-Virgo trigger/day)

58-min interval: S190930s (19th  LIGO-Virgo trigger/day), S190930t (20th  LIGO-Virgo trigger/day)

DL ~40 Mpc #GW170817 BNS
DL  ~40 Mpc #S190822c BNS retracted
DL ~267 Mpc #S190814bv NSBH
DL ~261 Mpc #S190816i NSBH retracted


Correlated/recurring arrival times for July-August-September O2, O3 LVC events (centroid can be linearly-mapped from 2015-0914 to 2019-0914): 









Spin-time correlations for remnant bodies for O1 N=11:



List of N=37 (61.666...% of O3 event total N=60) retracted and non-retracted O3 LIGO-Virgo events bearing high FAR and/or luminosity distance recurrence/joint anomaly; the sample period can be noted as itself critical, roughly equal to simultaneously-updated retracted sample count N=61 (N=43 O1+O2, N=18 O3, for sum of retracted events) as of S191225aq :

S191225aq FAR 1/T=2.501yr [event retracted], DL 24±7 Mpc 
S191220af FAR 1/T=79.956 yr [event retracted], DL 166±53 Mpc 
S191213ai FAR 1/T=1.5816 yr [event retracted], DL 258±121 Mpc 
S191213g FAR 1.1197 /T=1 yr, DL 201±81Mpc 
S191212q FAR 1.0631/T=1 yr  [event retracted], DL 95±27 Mpc 
S191205ah FAR 1/T=2.5383 yr, DL 385±154 Mpc 
S191124be FAR 1/T=1.1958e+27 yr [event retracted], DL 35±10, S190822c FAR 1/T=5.1566e+09,  DL 35±10 Mpc
S191120at FAR 1/T=5.1871 yr [event retracted], DL 266±146 Mpc 
S191120aj FAR 1/T=1.1079 yr [event retracted], DL 303±111 Mpc
S191117j FAR 1/T=2.8433e+10 yr .[event retracted], closest DL 7±2 Mpc; S190822c FAR 1/T=5.1566e+09*5.52.84e+10] former closest DL 35±10 Mpc, (35/10)/(7/2)=1, 35/5=7, 10/5=2.   
S191110af FAR 1/T=12.681 yr,[event retracted] DL N/A (unmodeled burst transient)
S191110x FAR 1/T=1081.7 yr, [event retracted] DL 204±87 Mpc
S191105e FAR 1/T=1.3881 yr, DL 1168±330 Mpc

S190930t FAR 1/T=2.0536 yr, DL 108±38 Mpc
S190930s FAR 1/T=10.534 yr, DL 752±224 Mpc
S190928c FAR  1/T=4.7092 yr, [event retracted] no DL reported
S190923y FAR 1.5094/T=1 yr, DL 438±133 Mpc
S190910h FAR 1.1312/T=1 yr, DL 241±89 Mpc same DL as S190901ap
S190910d FAR 1/T=8.5248 yr, DL 632±186 Mpc
S190901ap FAR 1/T=4.5093 yr, DL 241±79 Mpc same DL as S190910h
S190829u FAR 1/T=6.1522 yr, [event retracted] DL 157±45 Mpc
S190822c FAR 1/T=5.1566e+09 yr, [event retracted] former closest LIGO DL 35±10 Mpc
S190816i FAR 1/T=2.2067 yr, [event retracted] DL 261±100 Mpc
S190808ae FAR 1/T= 1.0622 yr, [event retracted] DL 208±77 Mpc
S190720a FAR 1/T=8.3367 yr, DL 869±283 Mpc same FAR as S190521g
S190718y FAR 1/T=1.1514 yr, DL 227±165 Mpc; event 98% terrestrial source, yet unretracted
S190706ai FAR 1/T=16.673 yr, furthest LIGO DL 5263±1402 Mpc - same FAR as S190602aq
S190701ah FAR 1/T=1.6543 yr, DL 1849±446 Mpc
S190602aq FAR 1/T=16.673 yr, DL 797±238 Mpc same FAR as S190706ai
S190524q FAR 1/T=4.5458 yr, [event retracted] DL 192±101 Mpc
S190521g FAR 1/T=8.3367 yr, former furthest LIGO DL 3931±953 Mpc - same FAR as S190720a
S190519bj FAR 1/T=5.56 yr, former furthest LIGO DL 3154±791 Mpc
S190518bb FAR 1/T=3.16 yr, closest DL [event retracted] 28±15 Mpc
S190517h FAR 1/T=13.35 yr, former furthest LIGO DL 2950±1038 Mpc
S190426c FAR 1/T=1.63 yr, DL 377±100 Mpc
S190421ar FAR 1/T=2.13 yr; DL 1628±535 Mpc
S190405ar FAR 6756.4/T=1 yr, [event retracted] DL 268±129 Mpc


FAR and retractions are evidently only weakly correlated, indicating that signal rejection has little to do with absolute signal content, which in the case of GW170817, signal was accompanied by exceptional noise that persisted continuously from an asymptotically-integrated exact midrange between excited Schumann modes minutes prior to transient peak.

#LIGO-Virgo retracted #S191225aq - #PyCBC frozen GPS time code error 0.870117, solar eclipse, enhanced SW stream arrival, IMF theta dipolarization (cf. #GW151226), ground overcharging; as all prior LVC triggers, global synchronized CG lightning bursts: https://photos.app.goo.gl/SK3Y9vcSYEEr1AZ69…
https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1210181273878056960

More adventures in the exploration of #LIGO systematic error for event #S191222n 03:35:58 ToA correlated w/#GW15226 3:38:53: S191222n revised DL from 868±265 Mpc revised to 2518±679 #S191215w 2216±590 Mpc revised to 1770±455 1770/2=885 GW15226 DL 440*2=880 Mpc 2518/1770≈√2

Paired triggers - candidates with respect to retractions - show almost no dependency on FAR:

Another #GstLaL RETRACTION, #LIGO-Virgo trigger #S191220af, 2019-12-20 12:24:45 UTC; GPS time code fractional error 0.690032, magnetospheric coherent coupling, correlated global synced bursting CG lightning:photos.app.goo.gl/s77Loetkdusad2

#S190930s #S190930t TOA interval ~58 minutes, daily #S191215w #S191216ap UTC TOA interval ~57 minutes. LIGO events, a correlated set of error-bound iterations of higher-order quasi-mechanistic discontinuity reveal long-range cyclo-topological correlations for heliosphere.
https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1206890766548664320

12th pair, >24 hr., both non-retracted candidates:

S191216ap 21:33:38 UTC FAR 1/T=2.8035e+15 yr, DL 376±70 Mpc
S191215w 22:30:52 UTC FAR 1/T=0.0000000010064617405131.485 yr,  DL 1770±455 Mpc

10th, 11th pair of LVC events, with first and third retracted; prevailing event, S191213g, central event, and cluster may represent a bifurcation:

S191213ai 15:59:05 UTC FAR 1/T=1.5816 yr [event retracted], DL 258±121 Mpc 
S191213g 04:34:08 UTC FAR 1.1197 /T=1 yr, DL 201±81Mpc 
S191212q 08:27:28 UTC FAR 1.0631/T=1 yr  [event retracted], DL 95±27 Mpc 


6th #LIGO-Virgo RETRACTION in a row: #MBTAOnline #S191124be (57th trigger by 10:00 UTC!) GPS 0.099619 frozen clock error, same 35±10 Mpc DL as retracted #S190822c (#GstLaL frozen at 0.589203). (MBTAOnline former retraction w/FCE: #S190816i 0.757789); CG: https://photos.app.goo.gl/MSmifaLHjAuCMThi6



9th pair [within 24 hr] O3 #LIGO-Virgo events, 225 min. interval=6*lag, both retracted:
#S191120aj 16:23:51 UTC (17:23:51 CET, Virgo dusk)
CG #lightning
https://photos.app.goo.gl/9c7y32hh7L29zB5u6
#S191120at 20:09:03 UTC (12:09:03 PST, Hanford noon)
CG #lightning
https://photos.app.goo.gl/3gRfzgdo5L3DK1GNA

8th pair [within 24 hr] O3 #LIGO events:

1.#S191110x 18:09:03 UTC/12:08:42 CST (Livingston noon, retracted) CG #lightning around event photos.app.goo.gl/rQiHryMxrHVy8V 2.#S191110af 23:10:58 UTC/00:06:44 CET (Virgo midnight, retracted as of 2019-1114 UTC https://twitter.com/LIGO/status/1195118903225176064)
CG lightning around event photos.app.goo.gl/ztRTURHoGqqwgj sawtooth modes, shear, proton flares, SMC
https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1194353421811273728
Candidate events, like many of the retractions, occur during the magnetic reconnection phase at full magnetospheric mode, but arrive as intermittent bursting becomes decoherent during the half-phase of approx. 3-min interval truncated by non-activity.  Pipeline latency has similar period, established empirically, and calibrated by the properties of these non-astrophysical patterns. Signals are self-similar and have degeneracies that render exact time intervals meaningless, with waveforms merely the sampled local maxima of a critical sea of quasinormal modes.




#S191117j FAR 1/T=2.8433e+10 yr .[event retracted], closest DL 7±2 Mpc; #S190822c FAR 1/T=5.1566e+09 DL former closest 35±10 Mpc
5.1566e+09*5.5≈2.84e+10
(35/10)/(7/2)=1, 35/5=7, 10/5=2.
- both are GstLaL pipeline triggers and retracted, showing GPS time code frac. error.


dawn/dusk/midnight/noon trigger correlations: 
All 7 #O3b
#S191105e 06:35:21 PST Hanford dawn #S191109d 17:07:17 PST Hanford dusk #S191110x 12:08:42 CST Livingston noon #S191110af 00:06:44 CET Virgo midnight #S191117j 00:08:46 CST Livingston midnight #S191120aj 17:23:51 CET Virgo dusk #S191120at 12:09:03 PST Hanford noon
#LIGO clock error and retraction correlation associated with GstLAL/foreground coupling:

GstLAL has been involved in most retracted #LIGO-Virgo putative gravitational wave signals having clock error issues, as a higher-order mapping degeneracy/intrinsic aliasing exists over the domain of parameters, not just between parameters.

Reported GstLAL 3-minute minimum delay and 1/2 phases correlated to center and partition values for CG burst/cessation intervals during LVC trigger windows. Local dawn/noon/dusk trigger times are too numerous; ask why geoelectromagnetic phases with most transverse noise/shocks prevail as the sole LIGO-Virgo trigger times.

All retractions and reported triggers having "frozen" GPS time stamp fractional parts (which coincide - only one retraction, S190928c lacks this error as reported, note oscillation of values and clock error partitioning over intervals with respect to sequence as ordered time series):







#LIGO-Virgo #S191216ap, 21:34:01 UTC: "Up until 21:33:21 UTC IceCube was collecting good quality data, at which point power issues at the experimental site caused issues with data quality." https://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/other/GW191216ap.gcn3… global CG https://photos.app.goo.gl/x8PicyBzfxU2kWxg8… NA https://photos.app.goo.gl/oELApi2bhSkwMBrcA…

#LIGO-Virgo event #S191216ap, substorm relax., solar wind-magnetosphere decoupling, global CG lightning burst sync https://photos.app.goo.gl/nxQWqDtCpUDkAyuc7… Earth-facing coronal hole, Microseism (T-storm, wind, earthquake activity)->Livingston down. Evolution of global CG lightning maps all.

#S191216ap sky localization latitude, as usual for #LIGO events, superimposes over centroids on Earth; mis-scaling-related longitude offset of 1.162 from terrestrial source allows radial transformation into BAYESTAR probability domain map. See projections, calculations:

Updated sky map shows 50% confident range restricted to an area 40-42° (previously ~46°), which I calculated to propagate the normal front range for coherent burst from radar-active T-storm domain extrema. Circle degeneracies from critical ellipse mis-scaling preserve measures.

Subtended angle delimiting active region is 33.3°, min. at 30°. Reference source and period, #LIGO-Virgo trigger #S191216ap (2019-12-16, 21:34:01 UTC): North American CG during trigger https://photos.app.goo.gl/1zFCAerm3kmMuo9R7… Global CG during trigger https://photos.app.goo.gl/Ps4AoaNmN6TK7d3c6…


The #S191110af signal is centered at 1781.72 Hz, virtually identical to the [inverse Compton scattered] cutoff of the magnetospheric lower hybrid resonance (LHR), half the duration - at 0.1 s - of #GW150914, and occurred during local Virgo midnight.

for background on the LHR, magnetosphere, and shock-induced heliopause radio emission correlation at LHR:
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1972SSRv...12..810R
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01291266/document
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017JA024416
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0032-1028/18/2/007
http://www-pw.physics.uiowa.edu/~dag/publications/1996_RadioEmissionsfromtheOuterHeliosphere_SSR.pdf
https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1701/1701.04701.pdf
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13818793-000-science-radio-blast-reveals-edge-of-suns-domain/
http://www-pw.physics.uiowa.edu/~dag/publications/1993_RadioEmissionFromTheHeliopauseTriggeredByAnInterplanetaryShock_S.pdf


#S191110af: gradient extinction of lower hybrid resonance frequency of nightside reconnection:heliospheric coupling, affecting Virgo at local midnight; CG Lightning, as during all prior #LIGO-Virgo events, is QP burst-synchronized [reconnection-driven].

PRIOR TO RETRACTION OF S191110af:
self-similarity and degeneracy in LIGO-Virgo sample:duty time:foreground correlations: 
#LIGO O3: A/O #S191110af, N=36+9 retracted, duty cycle~6.33 mo. [04/01-09/31, 11/01-11/10]; O1,O2: N=11, 365/11=1 per 33.181818...days 36/2=18, 18/2=9, 36+3=39, 36/9=4, 39+4=43 (39+5=44)/11=4 44/5=8.8 8.8/2=4.4 9-5-4=0
UPON RETRACTION OF S191110af:
#LIGO O3 N=35[+10 retract.] for 6.33 mo.[#S191110af RETRACTED 19-1114]; O1,2 N=11[+43 retract.];11 mag. sawtooth/yr: 43-3^3=33, 365.25d/11=33.204545... (35/5=7)-(10/5=2)=5,((35-2=33)/3=11)-6=5 (35+5=40)/10=4,10-4=6,((35+4=39)+5=44)/11=4, ((44/10=4.4)*5=22)/2=11,(35-10=25)/5=0

[vacuum integer self-similarity/arithmetic degeneracy for quasiperiodic-cyclical orbit-modulation] interplanetary mechanics representing scale-invariant quantum integration from self-similar circle degeneracy: LIGO's discovery. See

Divakaran 2004
https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0404167.pdf
Istas and Lacaux 2011
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00193203/file/IL-LASS.pdf
Iagar and Laurencot 2018
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.01724.pdf

#S191109d, 2019-11-08 17:07:17 PST-Hanford dusk, directly correlated with relativistic proton flare, as many other LIGO-Virgo events, including GW170817 and S190521g:




LIGO-Virgo arrival time correlations yet again: #S191105e 2019-11-05 14:35:45 UTC, formerly 87% terrestrial; #S190718y 2019-07-18 14:35:32 UTC 98% terrestrial, #S190930t 2019-09-30 14:34:27 UTC, 26% terrestrial
https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1192313628902322176


First #O3bisHere trigger #S191105e: 14:35:45 UTC FAR 1/1.3881 yrs FInal O3a trigger #S190930t: 14:34:27 UTC
#S190718y 14:35:32 UTC 98% terrestrial; @mpi_grav
claims display "glitch" prevented prompt notice, timed w/upgraded prob. (87% terrestrial,13% BBH->95% BBH, 5% terrestrial)
https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1192341330174726144


A month-long LIGO observation hiatus was quietly announced July 12, 2019 https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1179831916041654273, after the last two LVC events arrived highly correlated to solar flare prompt geomagnetic disturbance; ramifications of this interruption were not made public until October 1, 2019, on the day that this operational hiatus was scheduled to begin. Following the original July announcement, the next LVC event was problematic S190718y, a putative BNS trigger that remains unretracted at 98% terrestrial probability. S190718y may have similar signal and noise properties to GW170817 (itself only salvaged given excessive disordered noise/"glitches" due to desired association with GRB170817/AT2017gfo), and its outright rejection would cast doubt on decision to promote GW170817 as GW signal of BNS merger. 
See modules on this blog for GW170817/GRB170817A/AT2017gfo/NGC4993:
https://fulguritics.blogspot.com/2018/06/gw170817-occurs-at-green-bar.html
https://fulguritics.blogspot.com/2018/10/why-is-information-on-ngc-4993.html
https://fulguritics.blogspot.com/2018/10/a-short-grb-analogue-with-multi.html

Paired events S190930s and S190930t (S190930t a single detector trigger - absolutely unreliable https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1179844395677274112 - as was S190910h), have 58:25 interval, with actual solar wind 54:10 arrival, which involves feedback between L1 invariant and asymmetrical bow shock, which terminates a 33-day non-random/cyclically-correlated arrival block of LIGO-Virgo triggers; GW150914 corresponds to midpoint of this series, which may show an approx. two-year cycle given LIGO-Virgo event time recurrence:



GPS clock error evident, also found for S190718y, 98% terrestrial BNS trigger and still not retracted.

https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1179907360254390272
https://twitter.com/Fulguritics/status/1180028237658783744


Dual UTC day LIGO-Virgo arrivals:




LIGO-Virgo proton flare at S190521g; geoelectric field variation conformal to critical state of magnetosphere, phase-locked w/time of arrival of N=24 LVC events
https://spaceweather.gc.ca/plot-tracee/geo-en.php
https://satdat.ngdc.noaa.gov/sem/goes/data/full/2019/05/goes15/csv/
ftp://ftp.swpc.noaa.gov/pub/lists/ace/




similar dynamics from initial N=7 O1+O2 LIGO-Virgo event (prior to O2 catalog December 2018) predicted sawtooth day May 21, 2016; May 21, 2019 may not be coincidental

https://www.swsc-journal.org/articles/swsc/full_html/2019/01/swsc190002/swsc190002.html:



May 21. 2016, day 249/250 from GW150914 is day 141 (~sqrt(2)*10^2), which is a critical point for expected periodic phase underlying the activation mechanisms for sawtooth events:



August 17, 2017 UT, the 24-hour period surrounding GW170817 and its proton density time evolution:



trailing CME shocks (303 km/s) map to S190521g-S190521r/N=24 ToA:





 




LIGO events S190706ai and S190707q lag-correlated directly to relativistic signal from recently dormant solar flare cycle,with LIGO-Virgo events demonstrating possible rapid substorm triggering criticality at much lower lags than conventional shock/CME arrivals:








coronal holes for events S190706ai and S190707q

sunspot recurrence after hiatus at statistically-sig. discrete jump (12) from 0 during multiple flare even for S190706ai and S190707q continues double-peaked behavior, at a phase undergoing higher-order bifurcation



LIGO-Virgo trigger histograms, for N=79 events (O1,O2,O3 N=47 rejected/near rejected triggers, N=32 putative GW events), as of July 23, 2019 UTC (with ~21% of all reported events represented by two triggers within 5-min arrival bins [N=16/2=8]):




II.
Consider the following recurring LIGO study, released in two versions, which is the extent of LIGO event-order analysis of statistical techniques for the rejection of events. The papers are not explicating an empirical and realistic analysis of event false alarm probabilities (FAP), but offer a circumlocutory report of the behavior of a series of statistical experiments in parameter space. It is largely inconclusive and relies on heuristic hypothesis revision informed by non-rigorous judgment of the successes of multiple prior observations by including hypothetical weight from prior experiments it has not rejected as observational priors. As there is no way to know a signal is truly astrophysical if particular loopholes are not closed and safeguards are discarded with external controls to favor boosting confidence levels, LIGO claims are strong circular logic in this context; LIGO FAP is dictated by demands for lowest uncertainty, not actual uncertainty reflected by the degree or prior knowledge of experimental variables and source properties:

"Systematic errors in estimation of gravitational-wave candidate significance"
Collin Capano et al 2016/2017

version 1: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1601.00130.pdf
version 2: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.06710.pdf


This paper was originally submitted to the arXiv early January 2016, and "shortened" in late August 2017, a few days after the GW170817 trigger (which was yet the subject of rumor). Results are identical:


"The relative uncertainty in the estimation is larger when the FAP is smaller. The relative uncertainty reaches 100% when the FAP is about 10^−4, for the experiment parameters chosen in this MDC. This value depends on the expected number of coincident events and the number of single detector triggers"
[1711.07421] On the Signal Processing Operations in LIGO signals
https://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~araman/files/ligo_tests/ligo_EM_v2.pdf
[1706.04191] On the time lags of the LIGO signals

LIGO has not published a complete refutation of NBI findings as vociferously-promised by July, 2017, at the time ongoing NBI controversy became public. LIGO and the NBI collaboration were engaged in active, persisting conferences in the months to follow. LIGO, in a statement published to Facebook a few days after the Oct. 31, 2018 New Scientist article featuring the resurgent NBI position, promised to complete another tutorial-like paper, which does not conceal their evasion of the issue, nor acknowledges their former neglect of their 2017 pledge. LIGO-Virgo transparency, like problematic correlations in data and cyclical behavior of systematic error and arrival times of signals, extends beyond their proprietary attitude. All questions posed by the author regarding magnetometer and power mains data releases or well-established magnetometer failure surrounding geophysical coupling to space weather events and all LIGO events (which I claim are one and the same) have been deflected to assumed competence by various LIGO task groups or ignored completely. LIGO has committed to direct confrontation with NBI through recently-departed LIGO team members (all authors of Nielsen et al. 2018 and Nitz et al. 2018 are only recently-"unaffiliated," as of late Summer/early Autumn 2018). The professional rapport of such groups with current LIGO members has not been well-established. See https://fulguritics.blogspot.com/2018/12/extended-criticisms-of-three-very.html for more discussion of the aforementioned reanalyses. 


LIGO vector magnetometer data analysis is inadequate given state of data quality. Magnetometer positions in LIGO instruments have been unsatisfactory as of February 6, 2018 https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.00885.pdf:

“In this paper, we have described magnetometer measurements at various gravitational wave detector sites. We computed optimal filters to perform subtraction between magnetometers. We achieved subtraction near the level expected from an uncorrelated time series. This shows that magnetometers near to the interferometers can effectively subtract magnetic noise with Wiener filtering. Going forward, it will be important to compute magnetometer correlations with gravitational-wave detector data in order to measure the effect from the Schumann resonances. From there, subtraction using magnetometers can be performed. Bayesian techniques that aim to separate magnetic contamination from gravitational-wave signals in cross-correlation search statistics are also being developed in parallel to those presented in this paper. It is important to approach the issue of magnetic contamination with many different methods as it promises to be a significant problem for cross-correlation-based SGWB searches in the future.”

No remarkable improvements for aLIGO to magnetometers are listed on the official LIGO website, although I suspect the list is not exhaustive About aLIGO.


…after having reported improvements by October 6, 2014 Monitoring Magnetic Fields for Advanced LIGO:



“We evaluated the quality of four remote locations that can be used to measure Schumann Resonances and Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves. Furthermore, eleven magnetometer set-ups around the LIGO Hanford Observatory (LHO) will allow for monitoring magnetic fields specific to LHO. All eleven magnetometer set-ups were improved. Filter boxes were modified in order to obtain accurate magnetic field measurements at 10 Hz”


From Magnetism and Advanced LIGO (Daniel and Schofield, October 6, 2014) https://dcc.ligo.org/public/0116/P1400210/002/SURF%20Final%20Paper.pdf:

"LIGO plans to monitor magnetic fields because they can affect the interferometer’s signals. A magnetic field from a Schumann Resonance can affect both LIGO interferometers in a similar way as a gravitational wave. Magnetic field data can be used to figure out whether a signal was caused by a gravitational wave or a magnetic field."[... . ...]"One environmental factor that can affect the interferometer is magnetism because first, tiny magnets are used to control the position of each test mass and second, a magnetic field can induce a current in a wire that is a part of the detector. First, each test mass is hung in a suspension system containing electromagnets. The current carrying the gravitational wave signal runs through the electromagnets to produce magnetic fields which move the test mass back to its original position. Second, a magnetic field can induce a current in a wire such as the wire containing the gravitational wave signal and the wire within one of the electromagnets. An ambient magnetic field can not only displace a test mass via the tiny magnets but also induce a current in a wire. Monitoring magnetic fields around each interferometer is necessary in order to prevent a false gravitational wave detection."[... . ...] "A global magnetic field, or a magnetic field detectable on the global scale, is of interest to LIGO because gravitational waves and magnetic fields both travel at the speed of light. LIGO consists of two interferometers to provide a strong statistical confirmation of a gravitational wave detection, but this confirmation is void if the gravitational wave signal was actually caused by a magnetic field. An ambiguity in whether the signals from both interferometers were due to a gravitational wave or a magnetic field is conceivable because there are globally correlated magnetic fields. This ambiguity limits the low end of the sensitivity range of the current state of LIGO, or Advanced LIGO. The low end of the Advanced LIGO sensitivity range is expected to be 10 Hz, which means that the interferometers are predicted to confidently detect gravitational waves varying at frequencies of 10 Hz." [… . …]"When starting to calibrate one of the magnetometers in the LVEA, DTT’s time series plot was saturated. The maximum number of counts provided by the ADC was consistently exceeded. In other words, all the data was not fitting on the DTT time series plot, so calibrating in this state would produce an incorrect calibration factor. The power spectrum showed a tall peak at 60 Hz. The surrounding, fluctuating magnetic fields from the 60 Hz wires which power the entire LVEA, especially the clean rooms, were so strong that magnetometer’s sensitive measurements could not be accurately viewed on DTT. To calibrate the magnetometers, one must wait until the clean rooms are gone.”

[However, none of these purported subtraction methods have been applied effectively to existing GW magnetometer data sets in publications, and nowhere in the literature I can access have I found LIGO on-site magnetometer data surrounding GW events; the problem stands that such filtering and follow-up validation has not been significantly-addressed, despite being absolutely crucial for high-SNR transient periods to be considered true events from specified sources]


 Difference in noise floor between GW channels (non-Gaussian during GW intervals) and magnetometer channels (nearly-white noise during known enhanced correlated noise intervals linked to global and local thunderstorm activity) challenges the efficacy of cross-correlation searches between undersampled LIGO mag. and GW channel data. Hidden power in transverse modes invisible to these sample lengths can cause significant charging and magnetic disturbances to LIGO instrumental modules, vacuum, and suspension hardware https://arxiv.org/pdf/1707.09047.pdf


Placement choice for magnetometers must consider the cumulative field feedback enhancement generated between magnetometers, which obscures signal symmetry (their own and as an addition to background EM with thermal noise) and can saturate signals. This is usually presented conservatively, as only a challenge to gravitational wave astronomy from the stochastic gravitational wave background, with filtering schemes to remove correlated noise signals for residual/null signal analysis Calibration to data-quality signal sensitivity lock between both detectors during science runs is achieved no more than 60% of total LIGO runs, not considering Virgo (as only two detectors are required to identify a high-likelihood LIGO GW transient candidate). Simple joint probability for maximum quality coverage for data completion during dual active science run phases with full calibration lock hovers around 0.2.


According to “open” LIGO logbooks (which may have have been redacted, judging by various missing internal responses and a lack of information surrounding actual gravitational wave trigger times), vital LIGO magnetometers were overlooked – left inoperative – for over a month, and as such both GW150914 and LVT151012 were recorded during a high-noise period with active magnetospheric sawtooth events during a dual detector SNR>8 false trigger arrival rate of 0.01 Hz (100 seconds). This lack of urgency given obvious deficiencies in on-site magnetometer readouts can be explained if we consider that LIGO required an extended posterior noise record in order to calculate FAR and FAP. That the magnetometer arrays still do not function adequately, and were not switched on and tested exactly as O1 engineering run commenced on September 12, 2015, cannot be explained with any generosity to LIGO.

LIGO will not release their magnetometer or power monitor/mains data (which are scientifically important in their own right, but can lead to reduced confidence levels if a terrestrial magnetic source is involved with channel saturation and enhanced noise coherence in multiple instruments). Some highlights from magnetometer-related internal LIGO logs from O1:


https://alog.ligo-la.caltech.edu/aLOG/iframeSrc.php?authExpired=&content=1&step=&callRep=22818&startPage=&preview=&printCall=&callUser=&addCommentTo=&callHelp=&callFileType=#
“12:46, Tuesday 17 November 2015
[… . …]
Magnetometers at End Station VEAs Fixed
I went this morning to investigate the end station VEA magnetometers.
Turns out we left the EY magnetometer off since Sep 12. I turned it on, spectrum looks reasonable now.
At EX I swapped the PSU box from the new model to the old model and two types of noise went away: a comb of lines at 1 and 1.5 Hz and a high frequency slope that I don’t understand. We’ll have to look into this and complain to Bartington about it. I’ve seen this “feature” in other PSUs and I’ve relegated those to EBAY magnetometers, where we don’t have the x100 filter boxes. Spectrum attached. Not sure what the 1-2kHz noise is, maybe the old box is losing it too… Will investigate”

Both Livingston and Hanford LIGO facilities report this (implied) total magnetometer inadequacy, which persisted during the first two LIGO events. here is a record from Hanford:

https://alog.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/aLOG/iframeSrc.php?authExpired=&content=1&step=&callRep=22077&startPage=&preview=&printCall=&callUser=&addCommentTo=&callHelp=&callFileType=#

“14:34, Tuesday 29 September 2015
[…]
Reinstalled power supplies to end station EBAY magnetometers
[…]
We put power supplies back in place that were removed here. The EY magnetometer in the SEI rack was disconnected now has an old style power supply and seems to be working ok. The EX magnetometer in the SUS rack was disconnected and is now connected with a new style power supply which has 1hz charging glitches.”

I take “1hz charging glitches” to indicate that “glitches” are occurring in the magnetometer channel specified at a rate of 1/second, rather than anomalous excitation of a 1 Hz spectral band. Please correct me on this.

Interview with Anamaria Effler, Caltech (stationed at LIGO Livingston during O1) https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/ligoevent/pdfs/LIGO_Testimonials_v02.pdf:

“Robert Schofield and I were testing the L1 detector’s sensitivity to environmental noise at LIGO Livingston on the night of September 13. Our tests were part of LIGO’s preparations for the O1 run. We were still working at 2am on Monday, September 14. Pausing until about 4am to evaluate our data, we debated whether or not to do “car injections” in which one of us would drive a large car near the main detector building and apply the brakes violently every five seconds to see if the seismic noise from the car would appear in the interferometer data. But the GPS wristwatch that we needed for the test had become disconnected from the satellite signal. This was the last straw. We said, “Fine, we can live without this test.” I distinctly remember (because I was asked many times during the next few days) looking at my car clock as I was driving away from the site and seeing that the time was 4:35am. I knew that my clock was three minutes in error, which annoyed me.
The next day or the following, I saw some email traffic on GW150914 and my heart stopped because of the possibility that it occurred during our tests (although this couldn’t have happened because we keep the detector out of observation mode while we’re testing). Nevertheless I experienced a second or two of “oh no . . . (the polite version of what I thought). Then I breathed a giant sigh of relief knowing that we were off-site by the time of the event and that we didn’t do the last few tests. But knowing how close we were . . .
I didn’t expect a detection during this run and I didn’t believe that GW150914 was real for quite a while. Not until it was established that no injections had occurred and that the signal didn’t appear in other data channels; even then I didn’t dare believe. The realization slowly seeped in over time. The event was too big and I can’t imagine how people feel who have been in the field for a long time.”

Data channel searches referenced by A. Effler are not power monitor and magnetometer channels, by the way (see above). There is little mention of any observation of excessive charging during LIGO runs in any discovery-explicating LIGO publications, but the fact that it happens frequently is ubiquitous in LIGO technical literature.

Below are examples of LIGO internal logs describing magnetometer noise - apparently inexplicable - that can be associated with proton and shock arrivals during a ramping steady convection event, with solar wind stable in range of 450–500 km/s and nT values showing recurrence of values oscillating around 5 and 10. It is unknown why space weather is not mentioned at all (seismic noise is explicitly-dismissed). Critical space weather conditions excite Schumann modes and ionospheric transients. Both are known to plague study of the stochastic GW signal background. Remember: sawtooth events are special cases where solar wind-magnetospheric coupling is sustained by self-driving KAM-like dynamics, with steadily-ramping convection. Please note that the direction of the IMF (the Bz component of the IMF) inverts to South (red) during substorm phases; rapid quasiperiodic oscillation between North and South, with double-well and split peak periodic components, is a characteristic of sawtooth events, which DO occur at the same rate as LIGO counts annually (with respect to joint quality data acquisition duty cycle).


III.

The 8:20 UTC reported initial signal contamination for the July 2017 report corresponds directly to changes in trend for solar wind density and strength of the IMF, for instance (the initial disturbance time for the March 2018 LIGO report is not clear, but has an 11:50 UTC time stamp):


https://alog.ligo-la.caltech.edu/aLOG/iframeSrc.php?authExpired&content=1&step&callRep=38419&startPage&preview&printCall&callUser&addCommentTo&callHelp&callFileType&fbclid=IwAR2nXLJe688dRefHET7M_EF5rTEKpFmHpUpBl3ttK0usbOemldK9ATOw6uE

"posted 11:50, Thursday 29 March 2018 - last comment - 12:15, Monday 16 April 2018 (38419)
Unknown 20Hz feature in the magnetometer channel
A unknown peak at 20Hz in the low noise magnetometer channels is concerning as this feature lies within the bandwidth of the Schumann resonances. This feature is coupled to mains supplied to the site. The channels are the following: L1:PEM-EY_VAULT_MAG_LEMI_X_DQ L1:PEM-EY_VAULT_MAG_LEMI_Y_DQ L1:PEM-EY_VAULT_MAG_COIL_Z_DQ I am looking at data between July/August of 2017 as this is a period of time when all the seismometers were working nominally. 2 figures attached to this log. Both show the 20Hz feature with the 1st of the figures showing the relative amplitude to the known 60Hz mains line and the 2nd figure zooming in closer to the 20Hz feature to inspect the local PSD. (The BW=0.1) I will be using the tool IWAVE/APL to track the line in order to understand how the 20Hz feature evolves in amplitude, frequency and phase over time." 
https://alog.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/aLOG/iframeSrc.php?authExpired&content=1&step&callRep=37680&startPage&preview&printCall&callUser&addCommentTo&callHelp&callFileType&fbclid=IwAR2nXLJe688dRefHET7M_EF5rTEKpFmHpUpBl3ttK0usbOemldK9ATOw6uE
"posted 10:52, Friday 21 July 2017 (37680)
noise in Magnetometer around 8:20UTC on Jul 20th
K. Mogushi I witnessed glitches below 100Hz around 8:20UTC on Jul 20th in magnetometer x, y and z, but I do not know the cause of it. HAM 6 (OMC) x-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_72E7D4_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png LEVA x-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_20971E_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png EY x-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_1D4533_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png HAM 6 (OMC) y-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_62EF30_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png LEVA y-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_1E6840_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png EX y-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_AA5283_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png HAM 6 (OMC) z-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_29F575_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png LEVA z-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_14CF11_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png EX z-axis: https://ldas-jobs.ligo-wa.caltech.edu/~detchar/summary/day/20170720/plots/H1-ALL_60E63E_MEDIAN_RATIO_SPECTROGRAM-1184544018-86400.png"

















[24 Hz, the initial mean frequency for the real non-diagonal >60 second arrival duration of the GW170817-L1 signal, is almost exactly midrange between Schumann resonance modes at 20.8 and 27.3 Hz: 20.8+(0.5*(27.3-20.8))=24.05]




IV.

A series of code errors had been made by Ian Harry of LIGO in an over-confident attempt to discredit selected results from Creswell et al. 2017 and other publications of the NBI collaboration. 

This is the response of the Danish research team regarding LIGO’s implicit libel: Gravitational waves



The LIGO gaffe can be reviewed here: A Response to “On the time lags of the LIGO signals” (Guest Post) 

The paper in question is an analysis of problematic correlations remaining in phase spectral residuals after NR template subtraction, but not an attempt at falsification of the more compelling ~40 minute high-SNR detector quasiperiodic noise (which shares band structure, spectral envelope, log-normal EDF, and scaled eigenvalues with extracted coincident GW signal components themselves during off-signal phases more than 30 minutes after transient arrival). Ian Harry's code errors had eventually been acknowledged by the LIGO collaboration, but Sean Carroll has not added any corrigendum, and LIGO affiliates continue to cite the uncorrected results.

 Improper falsifications of piecemeal components of critical findings do not constitute a complete response to criticism, as noise contamination must be understood. True distinction between signal and coupled environmental noise is yet to be empirically and rigorously-demonstrated.  


I am suggesting that the Creswell et. al correlated lags are from real geomagnetic signals and that echoes of black hole merger signals reported by several teams of authors in cross-spectral density are merely artifacts of these coincident quasiperiodic coupling intervals during magnetospheric sawtooth events. They may be induced by GW propagation into plasma-magnetic field structures at critical stages, but is this the most parsimonious explanation?


In response to Creswell et al. 2017 [https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.04191], Green and Moffat [https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.00347.pdf] have found that residual correlations between detector phase can be eliminated without utilizing matched templates, demonstrating that improper choice of templates is not responsible for any artifacts of imperfect template subtraction. This is accomplished by assuming smooth signals (prior filtering) and only selecting very large bins to generate restricted bandwidths and performing wavelet transforms – hardly an unbiased approach. Success of a method in many areas of signal processing alone becomes an argument for the adequacy of wavelet transforms given the persistence of a suppressed prior assumption (that the signal is real, and that this necessarily implies that it is a GW signal). Green and Moffat are promoting a fundamental prior fallacy as a refutation, and who is noticing?


Realize that correlated phase in broadband noise signal, having the same time lags as arriving LIGO transients, becomes significant many minutes prior to and following the peaks of these transients without any application or subtraction of template (as LIGO GW signals are extracted from a band-passed and whitened signal with prior mean noise component amplitude a magnitude above strongest GW peak strain). So, template matching error may or may or may not be an artifact that necessitates LIGO parameter revision (hopefully, refinement) for source signal properties, but the correlated strain noise that surrounds the detections will not go away, and foreground effects are a viable possibility in this light.

At the very least, future revisions to LIGO source values are expected to constrain LIGO objects within the cutoffs for conventionally-detected x-ray black holes, not provide evidence against the detection of GW from cosmic objects per se.


So inconclusive obfuscation utilizing Bayesian parameter space is accepted as a proxy solution to poor installation protocols for magnetometers at LIGO. FAP, given the low GW detection rate, should be low, but because we don't know what to look for in terms of how a "copy-cat" GW signal may appear, identity can be arbitrary (insofar a generic NR template fit can be coaxed, and signal arrival lag is lower than an accepted limit) . Of course, I have proposed that LIGO signals are, regardless of their origin or nature, too highly correlated with ground magnetometer data, lightning data, orbit-linked periodic events, space weather, and all other members of the small set of GW event parameters to support the claim that LIGO signals are pure and/or did not perturb the magnetosphere. If the magnetosphere can be studied as if it functions like a gravitational wave detector, why would LIGO remain necessary, and how could classical interferometric GW detection withstand new formalisms and phenomenological principles? https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.00130


Be cautious to cite all versions when writing on LIGO events and be careful not to overwrite past versions when downloading LIGO publications, as LIGO updates parameters without retraction of prior hypothetical statements based on former estimations - all while ignoring minimal consideration of problems admitted in their own publications. Revision upload history on LIGO site (as opposed to arXiv) is not always maintained. Since you may require past publications to trace critical theoretical tension, arXiv may not host former versions of LIGO papers unavailable through LIGO partners.